Telling Our Stories: Black Alumni

Aayla Alexander oral history interview, 2021 March 19
Aayla Alexander discusses her experiences as an undergraduate student and a graduate student at UNC Charlotte from 2008-2009 and 2014-2016. [All times approximate]. Growing up in Fayetteville, North Carolina and transferring to UNC Charlotte from Fayetteville State University [2:18]. Choosing her major and reason for pursuing a degree at Queens University [6:01]. Professors that played key roles in her professional career such as Dr. Sonyia Richardson and Dr.Vanessa Drew Branch [7:58]. Interning at the campus counseling center and eventually being hired after graduation [9:12]. Her experience as a Black student [15:15]. Working for the university's counseling center [22:44]. Changes she would like to see to improve the Black student experience [28:49]. Attending graduate school [33:15]. Advice to future UNC Charlotte students [37:21]., Aayla Alexander was a 33 year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place remotely on the Zoom meeting platform. She was born in Fayetteville, North Carolina in 1988. She was educated at Queens University and the University of North Carolina Charlotte. She was employed at UNC Charlotte’s Campus Counseling Center.
Allison Allen oral history interview, 2020 December 22
In this interview, Allison Allen, an alumna of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte shares memories of her time as a student from 2008-2012. [All times approximate]. She discusses being a third generation graduate of the University [2 min], involvement in College Democrats [11 min], Coalition of 100 Black Women [18 min], and her experience as a Black student on campus [21 min]., Allison Allen was a 31-year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place in Charlotte, North Carolina over Zoom. She was born in Charlotte, North Carolina in 1989. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and Charlotte School of Law. She was employed in Charlotte, NC as a legal consultant., Firetrucks and/or police sirens in the background.
E. Terrell Blackmon oral history interview, 2020 December 04
E. Terrell Blackmon shares experiences from his time as a student at the University of North Carolina-Charlotte.[All times approximate.] Topics discussed include the influence of Africana studies on Black students [16 min], student organizations such as Children of the Sun Cultural Choir, the UNC Charlotte chapter of the NAACP, and the Black Student Union [32 min], and the African American student experience on campus [58 min]., E. Terrell Blackmon was a 53-year-old man at the time of the interview, which took place in Charlotte, North Carolina. He was born in Smithfield, North Carolina in August 1967, moved to New Jersey and then returned to Smithfield, NC to complete his schooling. He was educated at Smithfield-Selma High School. Upon graduation, he matriculated to the University of North Carolina at Charlotte where he graduated with a Bachelor’s in Political Science and a minor in African and African-American studies in 1989. At the time of interview, he lived in Charlotte and worked as the city manager of Henderson, NC., Africana Studies (Department of) Records, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Student Clubs and Organizations Committee records, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Rose Brown oral history interview, 2021 February 15
Rose Brown, an alumna of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, recounts her times as a student from 2012-2017. [All times approximate] Growing up and her decision to attend UNC-Charlotte [1:46]. Academic rigor at the university [8:31]. Involvement in student organizations and volunteering in the Charlotte community [14:48]. Her experience as an African American woman on campus [28:44]. Campus reaction to the shooting of Keith Lamont Scott by police [30:25]. Studying abroad in the Dominican Republic [44:31]., Rose Brown was a 26 year old woman at the time of interview, which took place over Zoom in Charlotte, North Carolina and Gastonia, North Carolina. She was born in Shelby, North Carolina. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, the University of Pennsylvania, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She was a Ph.D student and adjunct Business and Nonprofit professor., Train and ambulance heard in the background., Protest of Keith Lamont Scott Police Shooting photographs and videos, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Khrystle Bullock oral history interview, 2020 February 26
Khrystle Bullock shares her experiences during her time as an undergraduate student at UNC Charlotte from 2012 to 2015. [All times approximate] Ms. Bullock discusses her decision to transfer to UNC Charlotte from Hampton University [03:26], the differences between the two universities [08:43], the process of applying to a public health program [12:20], her experience as a Charlotte summer research scholar [14:24], the J. Murrey Atkins Library [17:05], her internship opportunities as a student [19:04], and her work with the Black Alumni Chapter [23:29]. She also shares becoming a part of the Delta Sigma Theta Sorority and becoming the first woman to join the Collegiate 100 [26:32], tailgating traditions [42:05], comments made by a staff member about black leadership on campus [53:42], helping with voter registration in 2012 and tensions on campus around the election [1:03:44], driving from Winston-Salem to participate in the student sit-in to protest the shooting of Keith Lamont Scott [1:05:56], and re-chartering a chapter of the NAACP at UNC Charlotte [1:14:05]., Khrystle Bullock is a native of Raleigh, North Carolina. The interview took place virtually over Zoom in Charlotte, North Carolina. She was educated at UNC Charlotte and earned a Bachelor of Science in Public Health in 2015. She obtained a Master’s of Science degree from Wake Forest University in 2017. At the time of the interview, she was the program manager at Kintegra Health., Department of Africana Studies records, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/6/resources/688), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Student Clubs and Organizations Committee records, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/6/resources/1268), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Student Clubs and Organizations Committee records, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/6/resources/1268), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Protest of Keith Lamont Scott Police Shooting photographs and videos, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/4/resources/1556), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Terrie Burris oral history interview, 2020 December 16
WARNING: This interview contains a brief discussion of murder beginning at 17:20 and ending at 18:05. Terrie D. Burris recalls her path to UNC Charlotte and her student years as a Criminal Justice major between 1986 and 1989. [All times approximate] Ms. Burris describes her formative years in York, South Carolina [01:15], the significance of being a first-generation student, and her family's pride when she graduated [02:00]. She recounts her long, and challenging educational journey starting with Columbia College in South Carolina, transferring to Central Piedmont Community College, and then to UNC Charlotte to complete her degree [04:00]. She describes her first impressions of UNC Charlotte [06:18], her desire to be a lawyer, and her academic path that led to Criminal Justice [07:26]. She recalls two professors who were influential in her education [08:34], her internship at the Charlotte Superior Court [09:06], the challenges of being a day student with responsibility for two jobs [10:27], and the Black student experience at UNC Charlotte [11:40]. Other topics include anecdotes about her college experience [13:50], advice to current students [15:30 and 26:30], a brief description of her father's tragic death that initiated her interest in becoming a lawyer [17:20], her experience as an employee of UNC Charlotte [19:13], and her thoughts about the city of Charlotte [23:00]., Terrie Burris was a 57-year-old woman at the time of the interview, which took place virtually in Huntersville and Charlotte, North Carolina. She was born in York, South Carolina in 1963. She was educated at Columbia College, South Carolina, Central Piedmont Community College in Charlotte, North Carolina, and UNC Charlotte and was employed as a payroll specialist in the finance office at UNC Charlotte., Occasional connectivity interruptions during the interview.
Thomas Antoine Caldwell oral history interview, 2020 December 21
Thomas Caldwell, an alumni of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte shares memories of his early life, being a military officer and his time as a student from 1996-1998. [All times are approximate]. Thomas discusses starting his education at Central Piedmont Community College [2 min], his experience as a non traditional student while also taking care of a family [5 min], being in the ROTC [9 min], his experience being an African American student [23 min], military life after graduating from college [33 min]., Thomas Caldwell, Sr. was a 49-year-old man at the time of interview, which took place over the Zoom platform in Charlotte, North Carolina and Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was born in Charlotte, North Carolina in August 1971. He was educated at Central Piedmont Community College, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, and George Mason University.
Victoria Clark oral history interview, 2021 February 15
Victoria Clark, an alumna of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, discusses her life and time as a student from 2013-2017. [All time approximate] Decision to come to UNC-Charlotte [1:25]. Involvement in campus activities board, Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority and Niner Guides [17:21]. Athletics on campus [23:28]. Her experience as an African American woman on campus [33:09]. Campus reaction to the murder of Keith Lamont Scott by law enforcement [37:34]. Effects of the 2016 election [47:15]., Victoria Clark was a 25-year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place over the Zoom meeting platform in Charlotte, North Carolina and Bridgeport, Connecticut. She was born in Cary, North Carolina in 1995. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and North Carolina State University. She was employed as a residence hall director at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, Connecticut., Shena’ Thornton Oral History Interview January 14, 2021, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte., Protest of Keith Lamont Scott Police Shooting photographs and videos, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Chenille Cooper oral history interview, 2021 February 5
Chenille Cooper shares her experience as an undergraduate transfer student at UNC Charlotte from 2013 to 2015 and as a graduate student in 2018. [All times are approximate] Chenille discusses her decision to transfer to UNC Charlotte and her love of North Carolina [1:46], her experience as an Africana Studies major and how what she learned in the program has helped her in her current job [12:08], her work in the dean's office of Liberal Arts and Sciences [21:07], the lifelong friendships she built while at UNC-C [42:35], incidents that affected African-American students on campus [44:56], and she mentions the Keith Lamont Scott shooting and her reaction as an alumna [56:45]., Chenille Cooper was born in New York in 1990. The interview took place in her home in New York. She was educated at UNC Charlotte and was employed as a foster care caseworker., Audio of interviewee went out/ had low quality at certain points., Protest of Keith Lamont Scott Police Shooting photographs and videos, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte., Department of Africana Studies records, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Sequoyah Cottoms oral history interview, 2021 March 4
Sequoyah Cottoms shares her experience as an undergraduate student at UNC Charlotte from 2014 to 2017. [All times approximate] Sequoyah shares what going to college meant to her as a first-generation student and why she transferred to UNC Charlotte [2:09], her experience as a middle-grade education major [6:41], student teaching at schools in Charlotte [9:32], being on the Greek Village Hall Council (RSA) [4:40]. She also talks about co-founding the Black History Club on campus [12:36], collaboration with the Black Student Union [19:13], her participation in Coalition of 100 Black Women [21:29], her experience as an African-American student [23:19], police shootings in Charlotte [23:36], and gives her advice as an alumna to the next generation of students [39:23]., Sequoyah Cottoms was a 27-year-old woman at the time of the interview, which took place virtually in Northern Virginia. She was born in Culpeper, Virginia. She was educated at UNC Charlotte. Cottoms was employed as a high school English teacher in the Fairfax County public school system and is currently a Ph.D. student., Sounds of children in the background., Protest of Keith Lamont Scott Police Shooting photographs and videos, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/4/resources/1556), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, the University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Charlita Davis oral history interview, 2020 December 29
Charlita Davis shares her experience as a student at the University of Charlotte from 1989 to 1993. [All times approximate] She discusses her experience as a student athlete [5:59], memories of UNC Charlotte student body president Derek Griffith [21:17], memories from her time on the women's basketball team [32:06], her experience as an African-American student on campus (38:14), and Hurricane Hugo [45:22]., Charlita Davis (also known as Charlita Joseph) was a 50-year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place in her home in Charlotte, North Carolina. She was born in Oxford, North Carolina in 1970. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte where she earned a B.S. in Economics in 1993. She was employed as a senior case manager for Gallagher Bassett, an insurance company for a large hospitality company.
Gregory Davis oral history interview, 2021 March 03
In this interview, Reverend Dr. Gregory Davis, alumnus and former professor of Religious Studies at UNC Charlotte, discusses his life and his career. [All times approximate]. Growing up in New York City as a blind person and attending the school for the blind in Raleigh, North Carolina [02:00]. Attending Central Piedmont Community College in Charlotte and transferring to the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. [04:00]. His experience as a blind college student [06:00]. The influence of Dr. Herman Thomas and Dr. Bertha Maxwell Roddy on his time at UNC-C [12:00]. His perspective on how campus life was for African American students [24:00]. Campaigning for the first Black student body president [26:00]. How campus has changed since he was a student [29:00]. Becoming a faculty member at UNC-C for over 30 years and retiring in 2008 [32:00]. Having a scholarship named after him and keeping in touch with his former students [35:00]. Starting the SAFE (Student Advising for Freshman Excellence) program at UNC Charlotte [37:00]. Serving as president of the Black Alumni Chapter [40:00]. Courses he taught [43:00]. Advice for future UNC Charlotte alumni [47:00]., Reverend Dr. Gregory Davis was a 79 year old man at the time of the interview which took place remotely in Charlotte, North Carolina. He was born in New York City, New York. He was educated at Central Piedmont Community College, UNC Charlotte, and Duke University School of Divinity. He was employed at UNC Charlotte as a professor in religious studies for over thirty years.
David Dixon oral history interview, 2020 December 21
In the interview, David Dixon, an alumnus of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte discusses his time as a student from 2012-2015. [All times approximate] first impressions of campus [6:08], working on campus [14:07], being a political organizer [17:17], involvement in student organization [28:55], campus traditions [39:30], experience being a Black student on campus [52:49]., David Dixon was a 29 year old man at the time of interview, which took place in Charlotte, North Carolina and Albany, Georgia. He was born in Sumter, South Carolina in 1991. He was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and was employed as a political strategist with United for a Fair Economy.
Melissa Enoch oral history interview, 2020 December 15
Melissa Enoch recounts her experience as a student at UNC Charlotte from 1988 to 1993. Melissa discusses experience in one of the first classes of UTOP (University of North Carolina at Charlotte, University Transition Opportunity Program) during the late 1980s [49:53] and the role that Dr. Herman Thomas and Dr. Gregory Davis played as the catalyst for students' success [8:31]. She also discusses her academic path [13:50], her experience as a non-traditional student [15:50], the network of Charlotte graduates [24:33], taking courses in Africana Studies [51:04], the growth of UNC Charlotte [1:06:06], growth of Charlotte [42:18], Hurricane Hugo [1:09:02], and her relationship between time spent at UNC Charlotte and present day., Melissa Enoch was a 49-year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place at her office in Burlington, North Carolina. She was born in Alamance County in 1971. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, University of Phoenix at Charlotte, and Walden University and was employed as the owner of a private mental health facility providing therapy services to adults in two locations, Charlotte and Burlington, North Carolina.
Courtney Gaillard oral history interview, 2020 November 12
In this interview, Courtney Gaillard, an alumna of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte shares memories of her time as a student from 1995-1997. [All time approximate] She discusses her decision to transfer to the university after having spent two years at Appalachian State University [2 min], an internship with the local NBC news station [7 min], student involvement [10 min] and what it was like being a Black student on campus [18 min]. She also discusses what it is like to be an alumna living in the city that she graduated from and her feelings toward the university as an alumnae [29 min]., Courtney Gaillard was a 47 year old woman at the time of this interview, which took place in Charlotte, North Carolina over the Zoom video conferencing platform. She was born in Los Angeles, California and she received her Bachelors in Journalism from UNC- Charlotte. She was employed by Lowe’s Corporation as an online content editor in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Timothy Gibbs oral history interview, 2021 August 16
In this interview Timothy Gibbs describes in great detail his life from high school to attending UNC Charlotte from 1978 to 1983. [All Times Approximate]. His decision to attend the University of North Carolina Charlotte after graduating from West Charlotte High School [00:34]. His family having four generations of college graduates and his parents occupations [3:08]. Early impressions of the University and being a commuter student while interning for the City of Charlotte [5:16]. Changing his major from engineering to geography due to racism within the department and the lack of support for Black students [9:39]. The influence of Dr. Gerald Pyle on his academic career [15:39]. Being employed as an intern with the City of Charlotte Transportation department from high school until he graduated college [18:50]. Attending UNC Chapel Hill for a Masters in Regional Planning and his perspective on differences between the two institutions [21:34]. His feelings towards the growth of the university city area of Charlotte and the city as a while [29:21]. His philosophy on working with communities in the region [31:11]. His perspective of campus life for African American students from 1978-1983 [41:17]. His recollection of issues and events that affected the African American community on campus and students taking a bus to Forsyth County, Georgia to protest [48:00]. Being a public school student in Charlotte when there was mandatory bussing and his thoughts on the court case that ended the practice [52:11 min]. His work with the West Charlotte Alumni Association and the importance of West Charlotte as a historically Black high school [1:03:52]. Advice for incoming students and future alumni of the university [1:18:10]., Timothy D. Gibbs was a 58 year old man at the time of the interview, which took place virtually using the Zoom meeting platform in Charlotte, North Carolina. He was born in Charlotte, North Carolina in 1960. He was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He was employed with the City of Charlotte as a transportation planner.
Valerie Grays oral history interview, 2021 March 6
In this interview, Valerie Grays, an alumna of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte shares memories of her time as a student at the university from 1980-1984. [All times approximate]. Growing up in Baltimore, Maryland and deciding to attend UNC Charlotte [55:17]. Her first weeks as a student [15:16]. Her academic experience [19:21]. The impact of Dr. Bertha Maxwell Roddey, Dr. Greg Davis and Dr. Herman Thomas [22:45]. Involvement in student organizations such as student government, the Black Student Union, and Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc [25:39]. Winning homecoming queen in 1984 and being the third African-American woman on campus to hold this title [33:06]. Being a resident adviser [39:10]. Her experience as an African-American woman at UNC Charlotte [48:51]. How things have changed for Black students from the perspective of an alumni [55:42]. Technological differences between when she was a student and today [1:04:23]., Valerie Gray was a 59-year-old woman at the time of the interview, which took place in the J. Murrey Atkins Library at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. She was born in Baltimore, Maryland in 1962. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and was employed as a Student Life Advisor for Baltimore City Community College in Baltimore, Maryland., Some background noise, Valerie A. Grays oral history interview 1, 2019 September 27, UNC Charlotte Institutional Memory, (https://goldmine.uncc.edu/index/render/object/pid/uncc:5122/parentPID/uncc:sa), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte., UNC Charlotte Institutional Memory , J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Byron Harris oral history interview 2021 June 29
In this interview, Byron Harris, who holds a Bachelor's degree in Psychology from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, discusses his life experiences and time as an undergraduate student. [All time approximate]. Growing up in Raleigh and life before attending college [1 min]. Decision to attend UNC Charlotte and participating in the Student Advising for Freshman Excellence (SAFE) program [3 min]. Choosing psychology as a major and decision to pursue student affairs [10 min]. The impact of Michelle Guobadia on his growth as a student leader [15 min]. His father, Walter Harris who chartered the Rho Gamma chapter of Phi Beta Sigma fraternity on campus and his decision to join the fraternity once coming to campus [19 min]. Other organizations he was involved in as a student and their influence on his life [28 min]. Campaigning and being crowned homecoming king in 2016 [35 min]. Starting the tradition of putting pennies in the pan of Norm the Niner during a student's freshman year [43 min]. His perspective of how campus was for Black students during his undergraduate years [45 min]. The shooting of Keith Lamont Scott and the response of the Black Student Union and NAACP [50 min]. His perspective of how campus is for Black students currently and his siblings attending UNC Charlotte [56 min]. The increase in Black students in leadership roles on campus currently and the importance of recognizing all types of diversity [57 min]. His fraternity's event “Sleep Out for the Homeless” which sought to raise awareness and donations for Charlotte's homeless population [1 hour]. Attending the Association for Fraternal Leadership & Values conference while a student as one of his favorite memories [1 hour 3 min]. His advice for the next generation of UNC Charlotte students [1 hour 13 min]., Byron Harris was a 25-year-old man at the time of the interview, which took place remotely via Zoom in Charlotte, North Carolina and Raleigh, North Carolina. He was born in Raleigh, North Carolina in 1995. He was educated at the University of North Carolina Charlotte and Rutgers University. He was employed as an Assistant Director of Fraternity and Sorority Life at North Carolina State University.
Paul E. Hemphill oral history interview, 2021 January 7
WARNING: This interview contains discussion of a racial slur being used beginning at 25:06 and ending at 25:26. Paul Hemphill, an alumnus of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte discusses his time as a student from 1968-1971. [All times approximate] Transferring to UNC-Charlotte from North Carolina Central [3:20]. Pledging Kappa Alpha Psi [8:25]. Founding the Black Student Union [13:16]. Gentrification in Charlotte, North Carolina [27:20]. Attending law school at North Carolina Central [31:36]. Playing intramural sports [36:54]. His experience of being a Black student at UNC Charlotte [51:50]., Paul E. Hemphill was a 70-year-old man at the time of the interview, which took place virtually over Zoom in Charlotte, North Carolina. He was born in Charlotte in 1949. During his time as a student, he helped found the Black Student Union and was the first president of the organization after it was officially recognized by the student government. He was educated at University of North Carolina at Charlotte and North Carolina Central University School of Law. He was employed as an attorney at law and has since retired., A cell phone went off., James Cuthbertson Jr. oral history interview, 2004 July 28, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Shareese Hicks oral history interview, 2020 December 29
Shareese Hicks shares her experience as a student at UNC Charlotte from 2003-2007. [All times approximate] Shareese discusses her experience growing up in a military family and how she came to UNC Charlotte [1:17], being a student athlete on the track and field team [14:13], her feelings on UNC Charlotte gaining a football team [19:48], the Let Us Play program (21:23), the black experience at UNC Charlotte [24:00], the protests on campus after the "Jena Six" incident in Louisiana [25:30], and she gives advice to the next generation of students [35:21]., Shareese Hicks was a 35-year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place in her home. She was born in Fort Bragg, North Carolina in 1985. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte where she earned a B.A. in Communications. She was employed as a Track and Field Coach at the University of Memphis.
Phaedra Holley oral history interview, 2021 July 20
In this interview, Phaedra Holley discusses her time as a student at UNC Charlotte and her life after graduating. [all times approximate]. Growing up in Kinston, North Carolina and attending a private school until high school when local schools integrated. [1 min]. Her decision to attend UNC Charlotte and majoring in mathematics [8 min]. The influence of Dr. Bertha Maxwell-Roddey on the lives of the African-American students on campus at the time. [12 min]. Mrs. Holley discusses how her classmates are still in contact and continue to support each other. [16 Min]. Chartering the first Black sorority on campus, Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc. [23 min]. Participating in the Black Student Union and Gospel Choir, the importance of the Black Studies (now Africana Studies) department [25 min]. Chauffeuring Shirley Chisholm around campus during her campaign for president [26 min]. Athletics on campus and influencing Cornbread Maxwell to attend UNC Charlotte [28 min]. Her children and life after she graduated early [32 min]. Her experience as a Black student on campus and how the Black students became a close knit community [36 min]. The upcoming 50th anniversary of chartering the Iota Rho chapter of Delta Sigma Theta. [43 min]. Life after college and becoming a mathematics teacher for middle, high school, and some community college students. [54 min]., Phaedra Holley was a 69 year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place remotely over the Zoom meeting platform. She was born in Kinston, North Carolina in 1952.She was educated at the University of North Carolina Charlotte and East Carolina University. She was employed as a math instructor for Lenoir County Public Schools, Lenoir Community College, NC Wesleyan College and Wayne Preparatory Academy., Jacqueline Sanders, June 14, 2021, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. David Sanders oral history interview March 1, 2021, (https://goldmine.uncc.edu/index/render/object/pid/uncc:7874/parentPID/uncc:bl )J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte., Department of Africana Studies records, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Ronald L. Lacey II oral history interview, 2021 February 19
In this interview, Ronald Lacey II, an alumnus of UNC Charlotte discusses his life and time as a student from 2017-2019 [All times approximate] Growing up in Indianapolis, Indiana and attending Indiana University [0 min]. Moving to Charlotte, North Carolina and deciding to attend UNC Charlotte[3:12]. Experience as a non-traditional student [8:31]. Influence of Dr. Akin Ogundiran and Africana studies [10:17]. His practice of documentary filmmaking [22:06]. Commuting to campus as a non-traditional student [24:45]. Experience as a Black man in class and in the workforce [29:58]. Recalling the campus shooting on April 20th [32:07]. Pictures of him with Spike Lee and awards won as a videographer [42:22]. Working for Wells Fargo for over 18 years [49.55]. Different video projects done for Dr. Nicole Peterson [58:47]., Ronald Lee Lacey II was a 57 year old man at the time of the interview, which took place in Charlotte, North Carolina over the Zoom meeting platform. He was born in Indianapolis, Indiana in 1964. He was educated at Indiana University and the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and was employed at Wells Fargo.
Robyn Massey oral history interview, 2021 March 22
In her interview, Robyn Massey discussed her time as a student from 1978-1981. [All times approximate]. Growing up in Raleigh, North Carolina and choosing to attend UNC Charlotte [1:07]. Her first days on campus and how the African American students on campus bonded [5:50]. Choosing mathematics as a major and being one of the few people of color in the program [9:20]. Writing computer programs before personal computers [11:23]. The influence of Dr. Mary Harper and Dr. Herman Thomas on her success as a student [14:16]. Living on campus and campus life [22:15]. Creating a scholarship endowment in honor of Dr. Bertha Maxwell Roddey and Dr. Herman Thomas that helps students of color study abroad [37:01]. Her perspective on how things have changed for Black students on campus since her time as a student [38:44]. Involvement with the Black Alumni Chapter [43:01]. Working for IBM during the release of their first personal computer and career trajectory [55:35]. Her advice for future students [1:06:34]., Robyn Massey was a 61 year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place remotely on the Zoom meeting platform. She was born in Raleigh, North Carolina in 1960. She was educated at UNC Charlotte and was employed at International Business Machines corporation (IBM).
Tonderai Mushipe oral history interview, 2020 November 16
Tonderai Mushpie shares his experiences as an undergraduate and graduate student at UNC Charlotte from 2007 to 2020 and his experience as a current Ph.D. candidate pursuing a doctorate in Geography and Earth Sciences. [All times approximate] Tonderai discusses his participation in the University Transition Opportunities Program [5:52], his work as a campaign volunteer for Barack Obama in 2008 and Obama's rally at UNC Charlotte [11:36], his work as a doctoral candidate at UNC Charlotte [17:29], his internship in Washington, DC as a graduate student [19:23], student involvement [25:42], and his experience as a Black student on campus [36:17]. He also discusses the campus response to the Keith Lamont Scott shooting in 2016 [44:05] and his role as a member of the Remembrance Commission in the aftermath of the shooting at UNC Charlotte on April 30, 2019 [42:40; 51:46]., Tonderai Mushipe was born in Durham, North Carolina. He was educated at UNC Charlotte, where he earned a BS in Economics and International Studies Minor in 2012, a Masters in Public Administration in 2016, and where he was enrolled in the doctoral program in Geography focused on Urban Regional Analysis. He was employed at UNC Charlotte as a Teaching Assistant and as a Research Assistant through the National Science Foundation., Tonderai Mushipe oral history interview, August 21, 2020 , J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Emanuel Osei oral history interview, 2021 January 12
In this interview Emanuel Osei recalls memories of his early life and times as a student at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte. [All times approximate] Mr. Osei discusses his transition and adjustment to college [3:10:29], memorable courses [12:15:20], the Black Student Union and his involvement in the Organization of African Students [23:38:77], protests against police brutality [38:43:65], his perspective as an African student [43:24:51]., Emanuel Osei was a 29 year old man at the time of the interview, which took place over Zoom in Charlotte, North Carolina. He was born in Columbus, Ohio. He was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and Washington University School of Law.
Kelly Page oral history interview, 2021 March 12
Kelly Page shares her experiences during her time as an undergraduate student at UNC Charlotte from 2011 to 2016. [All times approximate] Ms. Page discusses her impressions of the campus before attending and her decision to attend UNC Charlotte [3:47], her experience with the UTOP (University of North Carolina at Charlotte, University Transition Opportunity Program) [9:28], her academic journey at UNC Charlotte [16:31], and her internship experience with the YMCA [23:45]. She also talks about joining the Iota Rho Chapter of Delta Sigma Theta and her work as the president of the chapter [27:05], her work with other student organizations, and her community involvement [36:59]. She reflects on the campus culture during her time as a student [1:01:42], talking about the death of Trayvon Martin in her English class [1:04:50], and voting for Barack Obama for the first time [1:14:26]., Kelly was a 27-year-old woman at the time of the interview, which took place remotely via the Zoom meeting platform in Durham, North Carolina. She was born in Durham, North Carolina in 1993. She was educated at UNC Charlotte and UNC-Chapel Hill and was completing a two-year post-graduate healthcare administrative fellowship with Duke Health at the time of the interview., Spotty video with some skipping., University Transition Opportunities Program (UTOP) Records, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Virginia Phillips oral history interview, 2021 March 9
Virginia Phillips shares her experience as a graduate student in the Voice program at UNC Charlotte from 1973 to 1976. [All times are approximate] Virginia discusses auditioning for the music department at UNC Charlotte [2:35], joining the military after college [8:01], her experience with the music department and professors [21:55], being crowned Ms.49er and competing in the Kappa Alpha Psi's Miss Krimson and Kreme pageant [25:34], and her first experience with prejudice during a summer experience [28:50]. She also talks about student organizations she participated in as a student such as the New Wine Chorale and the UNCC Choir [32:02], she describes the process of competing for Ms. 49er [39:23], she explains why she did not receive her certificate of completion from the Voice program at UNC Charlotte [50:44], and shares some memorable experiences from her time as a student [1:00:59]., Virginia Phillips was a 70-year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place remotely in Greensboro, North Carolina. She was born in Hamlet, North Carolina. She was educated at UNC Charlotte and was employed as a teacher.
Sonyia Copeland Richardson oral history interview, 2021 March 23
Dr. Sonyia Copeland Richardson, who earned a Bachelors in Psychology and a Ph. D in Curriculum and Instruction from UNC Charlotte, discusses her family background and her experiences as an unconventional student between 1995-1999. [All times approximate]. She discusses her background growing up in east Charlotte and her family moving into a predominantly white neighborhood [1 min]. The effect of Charlotte 's bussing on her education [4 min]. Her decision to attend UNC Charlotte and her experiences during the first weeks [6 min]. How her classes, graduate work and mentors influenced her to become an entrepreneur and later a professor [11 min]. Joining the Kappa Kappa chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha as an undergraduate and other student organizations [16 min]. Living at home while still attending university [21 min]. Issues that Black students faced during her time on campus and meeting her husband [26 min]. Her research interests around mental health and the rise of suicide in the Black community [31 min]. Changes she would like to see take place in the future to better support Black students [33 min]. Obtaining her masters in social work, completing her Ph.D, and opening up her own practice [41 min]. The impact of Covid-19 on her business as well as others in the area. Her favorite memories of her undergraduate years at UNC Charlotte [51 in]. Her advice to the next generation of UNC Charlotte students [1:01 min]., Sonyia Copeland Richardson was a 44 year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place remotely using the Zoom meeting platform.. She was born in Charlotte, North Carolina in 1977. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She was employed as a social worker and professor at UNC Charlotte.
David Sanders oral history interview 2, 2021 April 6
In this second of two interviews David Sanders, who earned both his B.A. in Psychology and his M. Ed. from UNC Charlotte during the early 1970s, describes his academic path, his college friendships, the impact that the Wilmington 10 trial had on him, and his career with the City of Charlotte. [All times are approximate]. Introductions [00.42]. Experiences in high school with integration, including integrating the school band and protesting the playing of "Dixie" [07:40]. Lack of supportive counseling in high school for Black students to encourage college attendance [17:40]. Working as a hospital orderly prior to college and realizing he wanted to be a counselor rather than a doctor [19:53]. Mentors in Psychology at UNC Charlotte and other notable professors [24:02]. Decision to attend graduate school and the necessity to turn down the opportunity to attend UW Madison when his grandmother died [30:25]. Working in Human Resources for the Union Carbide Corporation, the lack of diversity in their management, and taking a position with the City of Charlotte [32:20]. Reflections on fellow student and friend Alice Achebe who attended the Nursing program as an international student from Biafra and who was highly critical of her student experience as a Black woman [36:15 and 49:06]. Close circle of friends in college, social gatherings, and the distinction between students who lived on campus and students who lived off campus [38:44 and 54:09]. Mr. Sanders' own personality and ability to get along with others and how this masked his experiences of discrimination [41:26]. Reflections on Vice Chancellor Bonnie Cone [45:07]. Attending Pritchard Memorial Baptist Church with a small group of Black students until such a time that there was transportation to Black churches [51:36]. Spending time in Charlotte, at the Student Union and the library, and campaigning for Shirley Chisholm [57:50]. His outlook as a student on the Vietnam War draft [01:00:27]. The Wilmington 10 trial, travelling to Wilmington to observe the trial, protesting under the supervision of Joseph Lowery, and feelings of frustration and anger in the courtroom [01:02:28, 01:08:20 and 01:15:57]. Memories of T.J. Reddy and writing letters to him in jail [01:06:48 and 01:10:48]. Memories of Ben Chavis [01:11:31]. Outlook on taking down Confederate monuments [01:20:12]. Reflections on working in Human Relations with the City of Charlotte [01:31:37]. Message to current students [01:39:58]., David Sanders was a 70-year-old man at the time of the interview, which took place remotely in Charlotte, North Carolina. He was born in Chester, South Carolina in 1951. He was educated at UNC Charlotte, where he earned a B.A. in Psychology in 1973 and an M.Ed. in 1977. He was employed as a Senior Human Resources Consultant for the City of Charlotte.
David Sanders oral history interview 1, 2021 March 9
David Sanders, who earned both his Bachelor of Arts in Psychology and his Master's in Education from UNC Charlotte, describes his family background and his experiences as an undergraduate between 1969 and 1973. [All times are approximate]. Introduction and personal background growing up in Chester, South Carolina [00:38]. Decision to apply to UNC Charlotte [07:08]. Settling into the new dormitory towers, Sanford and Moore, and being investigated by his roommate's parents [11:35]. Congregating rules for Black students following the Black student protests in the Spring semester of 1969 [19:52]. Becoming active in the movement to charter a Black Student Union (BSU), other students involved with the BSU, and how they worked together to achieve their goal [21:50]. Advantages of having a chartered BSU [29:48]. Cultural groups and activities associated with the BSU [31:00]. Being appointed as First Justice of Dorm Court and the work this entailed [40:47]. Mr. Sanders' personal style of challenging the system in comparison with other Black student leaders at the time such as James Cuthbertson and Ben Chavis [44:31]. Navigating the chartering of an Omega Psi Phi fraternity chapter at UNC Charlotte [46:40]. Post graduate involvement with Omega Psi Phi [53:46]. Becoming a UNC Charlotte student ambassador [01:01:14]. Discussion about the UNC Charlotte Black Studies Program (Africana Studies), the work of Dr. Bertha Maxwell Roddey [01:03:33]. Meeting his wife, Jacqueline Stevens Sanders [01:06:55]. Location of the Black Studies program and Mr. Sanders' role working in the office and assisting with curriculum descriptions, teaching in the program as a graduate student, and the racial makeup of classes [01:09:47]. Continuing relationship with Dr. Bertha Maxwell Roddey and reflections on her significance for Black students at UNC Charlotte [01:16:12]., David Sanders was a 69-year-old man at the time of the interview, which took place remotely in Charlotte, North Carolina. He was born in Chester, South Carolina in 1951. He was educated at UNC Charlotte, where he earned a B.A. in Psychology in 1973 and an M.Ed. in 1977. He was employed as a Senior Human Resources Consultant for the City of Charlotte., Department of Africana Studies records, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/6/resources/688), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Jacqueline Stevens Sanders oral history interview, 2021 June 14
In this interview, Jacqueline Sanders discusses her life from her childhood through her student years at UNC Charlotte. [All times approximate]. Mrs. Sanders begins by discussing her early life growing up in Smithfield, North Carolina [01:00]. Her experience being one of three Black students to integrate Smithfield High School [05:00]. Her decision to attend UNC Charlotte and other schools she considered [10:00]. The first time she stepped on campus and the people she met the first week [14:00]. Choosing mathematics as a major and academic experiences [20:00]. Chartering the Black Student Union and the Iota Rho chapter of Delta Sigma Theta on campus [26:00]. The importance of Dr. Bertha Maxwell Roddey to her and other Black students during her time on campus and after graduation [36:00]. Meeting her husband, David Sanders, at UNC Charlotte on the first day of class and their relationship through the years [46:00]. Settling in Charlotte and how it has changed over the decades [50:00]. The campus climate for Black students and how at times it was not a welcoming environment [52:00]. Protests about the Vietnam war and other issues students rallied around [55:00]. Graduation day and her advice for future UNC Charlotte alumni [1:13:00]., Jacqueline Sanders was a 69 year old woman at the time of interview which took place remotely via Zoom in Charlotte, North Carolina. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and was employed as an Information Technology Project Manager., Sanders, David oral history interview 1, 2021 March 9, (https://goldmine.uncc.edu/index/render/object/pid/uncc:7874/parentPID/uncc:bl), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Sanders, David oral history interview 2, 2021 April 6, (https://goldmine.uncc.edu/index/render/object/pid/uncc:7917/parentPID/uncc:bl), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Alexander Simmons (A.J.) oral history interview, 2021 March 3
A. J. Simmons shares his experience as a graduate student at UNC Charlotte from 2016 to 2019. [All times approximate] A.J. talks about being a first generation college student [2:47], his decision to come to UNC Charlotte for graduate school [6:53], his work with the Males Place, Inc. and the West Boulevard Neighborhood Coalition urban farming program [8:36], and the influence of his cousin - an alumnus - on his impression of UNC Charlotte [16:28]. A.J. also talks about becoming a graduate student in the community psychology program [23:24], the impacts of taking an Africana Studies course and the killing of Keith Lamont Scott [25:04], his experience in the community psychology program [24:07], his graduate assistantship [38:38], student organizations and community work [53:32], his experience as an African-American student at UNC Charlotte [1:15:17], and racial injustice in Charlotte [1:40:03]., A. J. Simmons was a 29-year-old man at the time of interview, which took place remotely in Charlotte, North Carolina. He was born in Savannah, Georgia in 1992. He was educated at Virginia Tech and at UNC Charlotte and was employed as an assistant director in the University Career Center at UNC Charlotte and a community consultant in the Charlotte area., Ding of phone intermittently in the interview., Protest of Keith Lamont Scott Police Shooting photographs and videos, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/4/resources/1556), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Department of Africana Studies records, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/6/resources/688), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Anthony Simmons oral history interview, 2021 February 22
UNC Charlotte alumnus Anthony Simmons discusses his experience as a student between 1998 and 2002. [All times are approximate]. Introduction and personal background growing up in Anniston, Alabama [:59]. Decision to apply to UNC Charlotte as an out of state student [4:51]. First impressions as a student at UNC Charlotte [8:18]. Majoring in geography and being impacted by Dr. Tyrel Moore [19:04]. Interning for the City of Charlotte [23:20]. The opening of Concord Mills mall and affects on campus [34:10]. His experience as a Black Student at UNC Charlotte [40:28]. Campus reaction to September 11th, 2001 [55:06]. How he came to live in Australia and experience as an African-American man living in Australia [1:06:07] Graduating from UNC Charlotte [1:21:18]. Advice for future students [1:23:13]., Anthony Simmons was a 41 year old man at the time of the interview which took place over Zoom in Charlotte, North Carolina and Brisbane, Australia. He was born in Anniston, Alabama in 1980. He was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and Texas A&M. He was employed as a Director of Systemwide Planning and Policy in Brisbane, Australia.
Brenda Steadman oral history interview, 2021 April 5
Brenda Steadman shares her experience as an undergraduate student at UNC Charlotte from August 1970 to May 1974. [All times approximate] Brenda discusses being the first person in her family to attend a four year university [1:42], she shares what factored into her decision to attend UNC Charlotte [7:14], her experience being in Charlotte and walking the campus of UNC Charlotte for the first time as a young woman from a rural town [10:48], she describes the community developed with other African American rural students, and her first interaction with her freshman year roommate who called Brenda to determine whether she was white or black before the start of the semester [16:56]. Brenda talks about the Black Studies department and the guidance provided by Dr. Bertha Maxwell Roddy [18:38], she describes the difficulties that she and other Black students in her cohort experienced at UNC Charlotte and the lessons they learned [26:19], she talks about her participation with the Black Student Union [31:27], she describes meeting her husband while attending UNC Charlotte [40:11]. Brenda also mentions the student reactions to the Charlotte Three and the Wilmington Ten [42:39], skipping class to meet Shirley Chisholm [44:28], and how she hopes current Black students will connect with the past [52:20]., Brenda Steadman born in 1952 in East Bend, North Carolina. The interview took place virtually over Zoom in Greensboro, North Carolina. She was educated at UNC Charlotte as an undergraduate student and at UNC Greensboro as a graduate student. At the time of the interview, she was retired from her career as a Special Educator., Department of Africana Studies records, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/6/resources/688), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Ann C. Carver papers, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/4/resources/260 ), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Bonnie Ethel Cone papers, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/4/resources/406 ), J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Macon Stewart oral history interview, 2021 February 12
UNC Charlotte alumna Macon Stewart discusses her experiences as a student at the University between 1996 and 1999. [All times are approximate]. Introduction and personal background growing up in Greensboro North Carolina [00:37]. Decision to apply to UNC Charlotte as a first-generation student [04:36]. First impressions as a student at UNC Charlotte [07:52]. Academic track at UNC Charlotte in Social Work and Criminal Justice [10:02]. Influential professors, in particular Dr. Andre P. Stevenson in the Department of Social Work, and a professor in the Africana Studies Department [11:57]. Importance of professors who were people of color and the significance of studying African American history [13:41]. Extracurricular activities including Children of the Sun Choir [19:50]. Work experiences during college in the field of human services [23:45]. Congregating in Belk Plaza and at the Student Activity Center [28:40]. Black experience at UNC Charlotte [31:17]. Student academic and organizational challenges and addressing these needs especially for first generation students [32:55]. Incidents of injustice for Black students at UNC Charlotte [39:56]. Specific supports for African American students in college [42:16]. Her current work in policy and program development in juvenile justice for the McCourt School of Public Policy at Georgetown University [47:57]. Advice to current students [53:33]., Macon Stewart was a 42-year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place virtually on the Zoom meeting platform in Salisbury and Charlotte, North Carolina. She was born in Greensboro, North Carolina. She was educated at UNC Charlotte, where she studied Criminal Justice and Social Work, and at the University of Pittsburgh, where she earned her Masters in Social Work. She was employed at Georgetown University’s McCourt School of Public Policy, where she worked in policy and program development for juvenile justice., Department of Social Work Records, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Angel Truesdale oral history interview, 2020 December 2
Angel Truesdale shares her experience as an undergraduate student at UNC Charlotte from Spring 2004 to 2008. [All times approximate] She shares her decision to come to UNC Charlotte as a native of Charlotte [2:20], her experience as a commuter student [11:07], her participation in Model UN and Democracy Matters [19:28], her decision to come work as a librarian at Atkins Library [26:35], student involvement and the PILOT program [35:45], and she shared fond memories of the library as a student [42:42]. Angel also discusses the growth of the Charlotte area [52:50], Black experience at UNC Charlotte [1:07:11], her experience as an African-American librarian at Atkins Library [1:20:10], and the election of Barack Obama during her last year at UNC Charlotte [1:40:16]., Angel Truesdale was a 35-year-old woman at the time of interview, which took place in her home in Charlotte, North Carolina. She was born in Charlotte, North Carolina in 1985. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and San Jose State University and was employed as a Librarian at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and is also the board member of the Charlotte Film Society.
Shena' Thornton oral history interview, 2021 January 14
Shena' Thornton, an alumna of the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, discusses her early life and her time as a student from 1982-1987. [All times approximate] Decision to come to UNC-Charlotte [3:36]. How Africana Studies supported Black students [7:19]. Election of the first Black Student Government Association president [14:00]. Being president of the Black Student Union [18:00]. Pledging Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority [19:57]. Her experience as a Black student on campus [28:53]., Shena’ Thornton was a 58 year old woman at the time of interview, which took place virtually in Charlotte, North Carolina and Cary, North Carolina. She was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut in 1963. She was educated at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte and was employed as an operations manager for insurance and financial services., Department of Africana Studies records, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/6/resources/688) J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte., Victoria Clark oral history interview, 2021 February 16, J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.
Kimarie Whetstone oral history interview, 2021 February 23
Kimarie Whetstone shares her experience as an undergraduate and graduate student at UNC Charlotte from 1998 to 2005. [All times are approximate] Kimarie shares her reasons for attending UNC Charlotte as an out-of-state student [1:33], her first year in the S.A.F.E. program [5:54], becoming a counselor for the S.A.F.E. program [7:06], her decision to continue her education at UNC Charlotte for graduate school [12:14], the Africana Studies department [15:15]. She also discusses her internship experiences [16:53], the importance of campus programming [25:57], the computer science department [27:56], and her experience as an African-American student at UNC Charlotte [24:44]., Kimarie Whetstone was born in 1980 in Hawaii. The interview took place virtually over Zoom in South Carolina. She was educated at UNC Charlotte and was employed as the Director of Online Learning at Winthrop University in South Carolina., Department of Africana Studies records, (https://findingaids.uncc.edu/repositories/6/resources/688) J. Murrey Atkins Library Special Collections and University Archives, University of North Carolina at Charlotte.